The vast Joshin’etsukogen National Park contains highlands, mountains and marshes that are home to a plethora of alpine and subalpine flora and fauna. The slopes of active volcanoes like Mount Kusatsu-Shirane are flecked with mountain ash, heathberry and bog whortleberry. The forests include a mix of broadleaf deciduous trees and subalpine coniferous trees.
Mammals living in the park include Asiatic black bears, Japanese serows, Japanese macaques and Japanese stoats. The area also attracts birds of prey such as golden eagles and mountain hawk-eagles.